It’s no secret that games like Hearts of Iron IV attract history nerds. We love diving into a game that lets us take real history into wild and unexpected directions.
With HOI4, that mostly comes via formable nations. With the right conditions in place, you can see what would happen if the south really did rise again. Or how a British led United Kingdom of America would handle global conflict.
In fact, there are so many formable nations that it’s tough to keep track of everything. That’s why we put together the ultimate guide to what these nations are and how to form them!
What Are Formable Nations?
What, exactly, are formable nations in the context of the game?
This term refers to any nation that didn’t exist during the time that your game started (either 1936 or 1939). By meeting the right conditions, you can form new nations over the course of your game.
Benefits of Formable Nations
Why should you bother with formable nations? The primary benefit of forming a new nation is to increase your manpower, industrial power, and overall territory.
The other benefit is one we already mentioned: the ability to play out your favorite historical “what if” scenarios with different formable nations.
Full List of HOI4 Formable Nations
Al-Andalus
If you control a North African country and then conquer southern Iberia, you’ll unlock the Moorish Restoration category. You can then restore Al-Andalus, which allows you to restore the Sultanate of Africa and restore the Emirate of Sicily. Afterward, you can recreate the Umayyad Caliphate and then complete both the Rashidi Expansion and the Northern Expansion, creating Andalusia.
Arabia
If you control an Arabic nation in the Arabian Peninsula or Middle East, you can form a united Arabia by taking control of all nations in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, and the Middle East. You will then be able to Unite Arabia under a single banner.
Austria-Hungary
There are two ways to form Austria-Hungary. In the first method, you must play as Austria, Czechoslovakia, or the Independent State of Croatia and then conquer the Austro-Hungarian lands. You can then select Reintegrate the Empire.
In the second method, you must play as Hungary. You can then take control of all lands owned by Austria and then select the option to Restore the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Baltic Federation
If you play as Estonia, Latvia, or Lithuania and you control all of the Baltics, you can select Unify the Baltics to create the Baltic Federation.
Byzantine Empire
If you play as Greece and control all Greek States, Bulgarian States, Turkish States, and Yugoslav States, you are well on your way to creating the Byzantine Empire. You must also control Albania, Banat, Oltenia, Muntenia, and Dobrudja.
When you control all of this, you can then Restore Byzantium. This will open up additional decisions to help you further expand your new nation.
Chinese Empire
To form the Chinese Empire, you must first play as Manchukuo and take the national focus named Claim the Mandate of Heaven. You must then conquer territory controlled by China, the Guangxi Clique, Yunnan, Xibei San Ma, Shanxi, Communist China, and Sinkiang. However, you do not need to conquer Guangzhouwan, Hong Kong, Macau, or Taiwan.
After this, you can Reclaim the Mandate of Heaven to form the Chinese Empire.
Confederated States of America
If you control the United States and pursue fascism on your national tree, you can then pursue Honor the Confederacy and its related options before the end of the Second American Civil War. This will form the Confederated States of America.
Dominion of North America
If you play as the United Kingdom, you can complete the Unite the Anglosphere focus. Afterward, if you conquer and annex the United State’s beginning territory, you can then select Create Pan-North American State. This will give those former US states to Canada and create the Dominion of North America.
European Union
To form the European Union, you must play as Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands, United Kingdom, or West Germany. Once you control all the European states of the Belgians, Dutch, French, Germans, and Italians, you can select Realize the European Entity so long as you are a major power and democratic (though the UK doesn’t need to be democratic).
Franco-British Union
As the name implies, the Franco-British Union is one between France and the United Kingdom. You can create this union if France is allied with the UK, if Germany capitulates France, and both France and the UK agree to it. If so, the UK annexes France and becomes the Franco-British Union.
Global Defense Council
If you are playing as Republican Spain and following the Anarchist path, you can make your focus the Regional Defense Council of Aragón to form the Global Defense Council.
Gran Colombia
You can form Gran Colombia if you are playing as Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, or Venezuela. So long as you are independent and control the states of Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela (as well as Loreto, Panama, and Pastaza), you can form Gran Colombia.
Greater German Reich
To form the Greater German Reich, you must be playing as Germany, be fascist, and have Adolf Hitler as your leader. You must also be at war with France, France must have capitulated, and you must own and control Ile de France.
Additionally, you must control Leningrad, Stalingrad, and fully control every state you own. Once these conditions are met, you can Proclaim the Greater German Reich.
Greater Hungary
If you are playing as Hungary, simply pursuing the Proclaim the Greater Hungary focus will allow you to form Greater Hungary.
Greater Indonesian Confederacy
To form the Greater Indonesian Confederacy, you must be playing as the Dutch East Indies or British Malaya. As long as you are independent and control all the states of the Dutch East Indies and British Malaya, you can Re-form the Thalassocracy to create the Greater Indonesian Confederacy.
Holy Roman Empire
To create the Holy Roman Empire, you must be playing as Germany with Victoria as your country leader. You must also control Luxembourg as well as all states belonging to the Austrians, Belgians, Czech, Dutch, French, and Italians.
When these conditions are met, you can Revive the Holy Roman Empire.
Iberia
There are multiple ways to form Iberia. As Portugal, you can complete the Workers of Iberia focus. After the resulting civil war, complete the Iberian Socialist Union to form Iberia.
As Carlist Spain, you must simply win the Spanish Civil War and then complete the Restore the Iberian Union focus.
As Regional Defense Council of Aragón, you must complete the Portuguese Anarchism focus. After the resulting civil war, you must complete the Regional Defense Council of Iberia focus to form Iberia.
Imperial Federation
The Imperial Federation can only be formed by the United Kingdom. To form it, you must control the UK, the United States, Germany, France, Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, Canada, Luxembourg, South Africa, British Raj, New Zealand, and Australia.
So long as you aren’t communist, you can form all of these nations into the Imperial Federation by completing the following focuses: Reinforce the Empire, Indian Autonomy, and Imperial Conference.
Kingdom of Franco-Spain
If you are playing as France, you can go monarchist and complete the Unite the Crowns focus to create the Kingdom of Franco-Spain.
Mutapa
To form Mutapa, you must be playing as Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa, or Zimbabwe. If you control Bechuanaland, Cap, Mozambique, Natal, Rhodesia, and South West Africa, you can then Recreate the Zimbabwean Empire to form Mutapa.
Nordic League
To form the Nordic League, you must be playing as Norway, Denmark, Finland, or Sweden. So long as you control all of the states from Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark, you can Proclaim Nordic Unity to form the Nordic League.
Ottoman Empire
To form the Ottoman Empire, you must be playing as Turkey. You must all control all states belonging to Turkey and Iraq as well as Hejaz, Yemen, Jordan, Kuwait, and Palestine. You must also control the French States in Syria.
Afterward, you can Re-form the Ottoman Empire.
People’s Republic of China
To form the People’s Republic of China, you must be playing as Communist China and complete the Proclaim the People’s Republic focus.
Persian Empire
To form the Persian Empire, you must be playing as Afghanistan or Iran. You must also control all states belonging to Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. Additionally, you need to control the French states in Syria, the Italian states in North Africa, and the British states in Egypt, the Middle East, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Once these conditions are met, you can Recreate the Persian Empire.
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
To form the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, you must be playing as either Poland or Lithuania. You must also control all Polish and Lithuanian states. Afterward, you can Re-form the Commonwealth.
Polynesia
To form Polynesia, you must be playing as the Federated States of Micronesia, Independent State of Samoa, Kingdom of Hawai’i, Mariana Federation, Melanesian Federation, New Zealand, Solomon Islands, or Tahiti. You must also control North Island, Hawaii, Caroline Islands, Guam, Tahiti, Saipan, South Island, and Samoa.
With this in place, you can then Unite Polynesia.
Rattanakosin Kingdom
To form the Rattanakosin Kingdom, you must be playing as Siam. So long as you control Siam, Cambodia, Laos, and Northern Malay, you can Strengthen the Rattanakosin Heritage and form the Kingdom.
Roman Empire
To form the Roman Empire, you must be playing as Italy. You must also control all states from Greece, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Bulgaria, Iraq, Switzerland, and Bulgaria. Additionally, you must control all Belgian states in Europe, all Italian States in North Africa and Europe, all Portuguese states in Europe, all Spanish states in Europe and Spanish Africa, all French States in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa and all British states in Egypt, the Eastern Mediterranean, and the Middle East.
On top of that, you must control Holland, Brabant, Luxembourg, Tyrol, Alföld, Albania, and the following: Banat, Crisana, North Transylvania, Transylvania, Oltenia, Muntenia, and Dobrudja. Once all of this is met, you can Realize Roman Ambitions and form the Roman Empire.
Scandinavia
To form Scandanavia, you must be playing as Denmark, Norway, or Sweden. And you must control all Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish states. Afterward, you can Restore the Kalmar Union and form Scandinavia.
United Kingdom of America
Only a monarchist and non-aligned United Kingdom can form the United Kingdom of America. And only when very special conditions have been met.
As the UK, you must force Edward the VIII and Wallis Simpson to marry and do your best to empower the King’s Party. You can then complete the Unite the Anglosphere focus and conquer all of the starting territories of the United States.
You will then have a chance to “Install an American Monarchy,” creating the United Kingdom of America.
United Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil
To form the United Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil, you must be playing as Portugal. First, restore the monarchies of Brazil and Portugal through the Estado Novo focus. If those countries are unaligned and at peace, you can then unite them into one kingdom.
United Netherlands
To form the United Netherlands, you must be playing as Belgium, the Netherlands, or Luxembourg. And you must control Luxembourg as well as the Dutch states in Europe and the Belgian States in Europe. Afterward, you can Repudiate the Treaty of London and form the United Netherlands.
United States of Central America
To form the United States of Central America, you must be playing as Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, or Nicaragua. And you must control Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Afterward, you can Reconstitute the Federal Republic and form the United States of Central America.
What’s Next?
Now you know about the HOI4 formable nations. But do you know what your next gaming challenge will be?
If you’re ready to play more with factions, you need to know how (and when) to bail out. Before you play another game, check out our guide on how to leave a faction.
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